Red blood cells are usually separated from each other and freely flowing but under some circumstances will clump together in stacks resembling piles of coins. Various medical conditions are associated with this condition and exposure to some forms of electromagnetic radiation can lead to rapid formation.
What causes this? A decent explanation is nowhere to be found. Medical websites will claim an association with a medical condition such as diabetes and then pretend that this is a ’cause’, but this is doesn’t explain in terms of the laws of physics why a bunch of negatively charged cells should stick together; why this particular formation? What are the physical forces?
This post takes a look at the usual description of the zeta potential, shows that it is inadequate as an explanation and provides a more credible hypothesis involving the flow of electric field currents and magnetic dipoles.
Magda Havas here demonstrates how easy it is to create the rouleaux formation in the blood of a healthy individual by a short exposure to cell-phone radiation.
Zeta potential
A common claim is that each red blood cell (RBC) is covered with a coat of negative charge which is responsible for keeping the cells apart. Negative charges repel and this stops the RBC from getting too close together, let alone sticking to each other.
However, if this is the case then how do the cells ever stick together at all?
“Loss of zeta potential” is hardly an explanation. If even a small negative charge is left on the cells then they are never going to stick together so we must have a cell losing all charge completely but since when did this cause things to stick together?
Moreover, we are left with the questions of what happens to all that charge and where does the new charge come from when normality is restored?
Other models describe RBC surrounded by alternating layers of negative and positive charges. This sounds logical when you initially read the descriptions but in reality raises more questions than it answers.
- How are these layers maintained?
- Why don’t the positive and negative charges just attract each other, stick together and cancel each other out?
- If an RBC is surrounded by a positive layer then why don’t other RBC with negative layers just stick to that layer?
- Why do they stick together sometimes and not others?
- What has this to do with mobile phone radiation?
Any description such as this in terms of ‘static’ laws is going to have problems explaining why the cells stick together in some circumstances but not others.
Why is the stacking so precise? This isn’t down to any weakening of anything but some strong force that attracts the cells together and maintains an orderly alignment.
A dynamic solution
The Influence of the Golden Ratio on the Erythrocyte – Purnell and Ramsey
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331103066_The_Influence_of_the_Golden_Ratio_on_the_Erythrocyte
Purnell and Ramsey claim an electric circuit around the circumference of the red blood cell as shown. A circular current necessarily produces a North-South magnetic dipole, shown here by the the pink arrow.
This is getting somewhere, although still problematic. What is it that fuels this current and how does it work exactly? One idea is that the current is generated essentially by chemical means but what happens when the energy runs out? What happens to all the fuel waste and how does the RBC refuel?
Merab Beraia has the blood cell ‘re-charge’ every time it passes through the heart: Electromagnetism and blood . The heart generates a strong electric field and blood passing through it will have electric currents induced within it and will in addition acquire a high frequency acoustic vibration which further serves as an energy supply for the RBC on its travels.
This sounds likely but still doesn’t explain the rouleaux formation.
Th common idea of electricity as a stream of moving electrons is highly questionable. See here: What is electricity?
Hypothesis (vortex physics)
The red blood cells do not have circles of moving electrons but instead host stable toroidal field movement in the shape of a ring vortex. This field movement necessitates a magnetic dipole field as shown above.
The magnetic dipole ultimately will arrange the RBC in the rouleaux formation of North to South poles all in a line. It is these magnetic attractive forces that cause the sticking together and the negative field forces that stop the cells actually making contact.
We have a common pattern of field forces that are long range attractive but short range repellent.
The human bio-field
A global bio-field exists in the human body which consists of electromagnetic fields organised in a toroidal fashion and is measurable outside of the body. Energy in the form of tiny ring vortices circulates inwards in a spiral fashion towards the ‘chakras’ of the body and in particular, the heart and the vessels of the circulatory system.
Field energy moves through the walls of the arteries and into the bloodstream where it is available for absorption by the red blood cells.
The currents in the RBC are therefore reinforced by the injection of this energy. No chemical reactions are needed to sustain the circular currents.
The journey of the blood
Starting at the heart then, any vestige of rouleaux structures are thoroughly swept away by the violent ‘vortexing’ of the blood as it moves through the chambers of the heart.
Electrical energy is injected into the blood from the heart muscle and the whole lot comes out in an apparently ‘turbulent’ stream. This is not chaos however as all the time, the water and electric fields in the blood must obey the laws of physics and this means a highly structured state of vortex flow.
The RBC are separate and apparently free flowing but all the time will be absorbing energy from their environment, thereby giving the appearance of having their own energy supply. As they proceed towards the arterioles, more energy moves from the bio-field into the arterioles and this will spiral into the blood cells themselves and strengthen the toroidal flow therein.
A stronger electric circuit means stronger magnetic dipoles and as the blood progresses these begin to organise the blood into more linear structures, much like a line of bar magnets. They don’t actually ‘stick’ together because of the electric negative component of the field which always maintains a minimal spacing between them.
This is a requirement for capillary flow. The RBC will need to pass through the capillaries in single file and an orderly procession is assembled long before it is actually needed, nicely avoiding any ‘queuing’ and concomitant loss of valuable energy.
Vortex streams continue from outside to inside of the small blood vessels and appear as an ‘exclusion zone’ in microscopy, keeping nano-particles away from the walls of the vessel.
Charge layers revisited
The idea that the red blood cells are surrounded by alternating layers of charged particles is easy to imagine at the first attempt but falls apart under close scrutiny.
The particles must maintain their disposition by means of electric field forces and they must do this whilst the blood is flowing through the arteries and being pumped through the heart.
Whatever the arrangement of the particles, the forces between them must obey the laws of physics and wherever there is movement of charges through an electric field, there are spirals and vortices; these are unavoidable. The notion that nicely ordered charge layers could survive this needs considerable justification if we are to believe it.
So what causes rouleaux?
If the above argument is correct as to the physics and function of the zeta potential then it would seem that the rouleaux formation is a result, not of a depletion of energy or electric field but rather a surplus.
Bad energy management has somehow resulted in a red blood cell having too much energy. The electric field has increased in strength and the resulting magnetic dipole has become the dominant force, orienting and pulling together the erythrocytes into a configuration that is usually reserved for capillary flow and even then we are seeing a highly exaggerated version of this.
The formation is maintained by the absorption of external field energy and so may persist for some time even on a microscope slide as the whole arrangement sequesters energy from the laboratory.
How the body copes with cell-phone emissions is not completely understood but if the EMF is in the form of, or is converted to, field vortices by the body and makes its way to the blood vessels or heart, then we have an additional unexpected input to the body, blood flow and thence red blood cells, with the result being the rouleaux strings that are observed.
How does grounding work?
Grounding is said to be very effective in restoring rouleaux blood to its usual state. The usual explanation is that the blood is clumping because of a lack of charge, meaning electrons, and that the process of grounding is a way of obtaining electrons from the Earth thereby resolving the deficit.
This formulation of grounding is highly problematic though, with just a few of the issues being the questions of how the electrons are supposed to infiltrate the body, how is it determined where they go to, and what is the mechanism by which they are transported.
Electrons have no intrinsic energy or motive force of their own and so all the work must be done by the body to move a highly reactive particle through a highly charged landscape.
The formulation in terms of vortex energy gives a much better explanation. The process of grounding does not add anything extra to the body but allows surplus energy to drain away, which is precisely what is required.
Excess vortex energy makes its way to the Earth and the global vortex system is relieved of stress. In due course this impacts upon the blood at the centre of the system, the tight rouleaux formation is loosened and the individual blood cells can move about independently again.
See: How does ‘grounding’ work?
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